Bdouaed fixary



. (No ModeL) E. FIXARY.

IGE MACHINE. No. 254,203. Patented; Feb. 28,1882.

WZZiZJI-f v fzziazaiar N. PETERS. Phalo-Lilhographer, Washinglun, u. c

UNITED STATE EDOUARD FIXARY,

PATENT OFFIcE.

or PARIS, FRANCE.

ICE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'Patent No. 254,203, dated February.28, 1882.

Application filed January 21, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDQUARD FIXARY, of Paris, in the Republic of France,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ice-Machines, orMachines for the Artificial Production of Gold, of which improvement thefollowing specification is a full description.

This invention relates more particularly-to machine's operating toproduce cold bythe alternate liquefaction and vaporization of a liquefiable'gassuch as ammonia or sulphurous dioxide -althoi1gh it may beapplied to the machines which produce cold by the compression andexpansion of common air, or to other machines. It has special referenceto the-lubrication by glycerine or'similar liquid of the piston andvalves of the aspiration and compression pump or pumps, whereby theammonia or other refrigerant is vaporized and liquefied, or is expandedand compressed, and also to the general arrangement of the machine.

' Heretofore glycerine has been introduced into the aspiration andcompression pumps of ice-machines, and has been circulated in order tolubricate the piston and valves, in some ness and a ready detachabilityand a facility for cleaning.

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification,representa machine constructed in accordance with'the invention,

Figure 1 being a vertical'central section; Fig. 2, a cross-section online 00 'z Fig. l, and Fig.

3 a cross-section on line as y.

The machine has the ordinary parts of an ice-machineto wit, a reservpir,R, for theJliquefied refrigerant,a refrigerator, 0, in which therefrigerant is vaporized, an aspiration and compression pump, M, and acondenser, D,*in which the refrigerant isagainliquefied. The coils inthe refrigerator wherein the vaporization takes place are immersed in anon-conthe water to be frozen are placed.

The condenser-coils D and reservoir R are inclosed in the jacket orvessel L, through which a circulation of water is maintained. The pistonP of pump M is operated by a piston-rod and pitman and a crank on ashaft driven by a motor of any ordinary or suitable description.

The refrigerant is drawn into the upper part of the cylinder of pump M'through the pipe T, and is-expelled therefrom throughthe pipe f into thecondepser D, and the said cylinder is provided with an inlet andoutletvalve'in separate chambers. The cylinder belowthe piston is in freecommunication with a vertical lubricant-chamber, A, hermetically sealedat the top. Two-thirds of the exterior surface of thischambers walls arebathed by the cold liquid in the refrigerator, so that the contents ofsaid chamber are constantly cooled. The lubricant-such as glycerine inan ammoniamachinefills thelower part of the vertical chamber A. At eachreciprocation of the piston P the lubricant is drawnfrom and forced backinto the c9.oledmlubricantc ga nglm causing e, level of the lubricanttherein to rise and fall. upper part of the chamber A with theinletvalve chamber of the pump M. At each descent of the piston P thelubricant is forced above the upper end of this tube 11, so that a smallportion of the lubricant flows through A small pipe, I), connects the psaid pipe and enters the pump-cylinder with the refrigerant, flowingover the inlet-valve and forming a layer above they piston P. On theupstroke of the piston some of the lubricant is forced out with therefrigerant through the pipe f, and both the inlet and outlet valves andtheir seats are bathed by the lubricant on top of. the piston. I i

1n the condenser D is a lubricant receptacle or trap, E. The portion ofglycerine or lubricating material expelled from the pump, togetherwiththe compressed refrigerant, (ammonia,) enters bythe pipe f. Theglycerine or other lubricating material used falls to the bottom of thevessel, while the ammonia or other refrigerant passes into the coils ofcondenser D, and thence in a liquefied state into the reservoir R. p

The supply of lubricant beneath the piston P is recovered fromthereceptacle or trap E,

small quantities being drawn up through the pipes d at each stroke ofthe piston. The delivery through these pipes is controlled by the valveh in chamber H, said valve being adapted to serve also as arelief-valve. It is pressed toward its seat by a light steel spring, h,but is held out of contact therewith by the end of the screw-rod k whichregulates the distance between the valve and its seat.

A rod, S, extends through the top of chamber H, and at its lower end,which is squared, fits within a hole of similar shape in the stem ofvalve h. By this rod S the valve can be turned, when desired, in orderto prevent clogging.

The delivery of lubricant into the pump-cylinder and lubricant-chamber Ais regulated by means of the screw-rod h by increasing or diminishingthe space between the valve and its seat, the lubricant passing downwardthrough this space.

Whenever the pressure in the pump-cylinder and lubricant-chamber-Abecomes excessive the valve h acts as a relief-valve and opens upwardagainst the pressure of spring h into the receptacle or trap E.

In order to give an indicatfon for governing the delivery of thelubricant by the valve h, a ball, K, supported in a frame at the top ofthe upright chamber A, above the proper high level of the lubricanttherein, and a pin, K, is fixed above and out of contact with the saidball. In the proper action of the machine the lubricant does not touchthe ball 5 but when the supply becomes too great the ball is lifted ateach stroke of the pump-piston and strikes against the end of the pin K.An indication of the state of affairs is thus given, and the delivery oflubricant through the pipes dis diminished by turning screw-rod k andlowering the valve h toward its seat.

The lubricant is introduced into the upright chamber A, the head B beingremoved, and the amount introduced is regulated by the aid of thelevel-indicating tube g. Sediment is removed from the lubricantreceptacle or trap through the head Q.

The general arrangement of the machine is as follows: The lubricantreceptacle or trap, the condenser, and the reservoir of liquefiedrefrigerant are all inclosed in the upright vessel or hollow column L,through which the cooling circulation of water or other medium ismaintained. The column serves therefore at once as the foundation orframeof the machine, and as the jacket or containing-vessel for thecondenser-coils. It has a broad base, as shown. The lubricant receptacleor trap E and the res ervoir R are or may be made in one casting, andthey and the condenser-coils are attached to one another so that theyform one structure. This structure is secured to the column L by flangesand bolts j.

A supporting-frame for the pump-operating mechanism is bolted to theupper part of the column L. The pump and lubricant-chamber A aresupported also on the frame, and the box of the refrigerator is boltedto the flange of the upright chamber A, as shown in Fig. 2. Thisconstruction and arrangement give great facilities for taking apart andputting together, to allow cleaning or transportation, or for otherpurpose. By taking off the refrigerator and releasing the bolts j thestructure incased in the column L can be removed entire.

It is obvious modifications may be made in the forms, proportions,dimensions, and materials used in the apparatus, and in other details ofconstruction, without departing from the spirit of the invention, andthat parts of the invention may be used without the others.

Two or more pumps may be used instead of one, as described, and thelubricating appararatus may be used in connection with various forms ofpurifying mechanism.

I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent the new improvementsherein described, all and several--that is to say- 1. Thecombination,with the pump or pumps for compressing ammonia or other gas,of a lubricant-chamber adapted to be kept cool, in free communicationwith the pump-cylinder, substantially as described, so that thelubricant flows back and forth between said cylinder and thelubricant-chamber.

2. The combination, with the pump cylinder, piston, and valves, of alubricant-chamber in communication with the interior of the cylinder onone side of the cylinder, and a pipe communicating with the upper partof said lubricant-chamber and with the valve-chamber on the other sideof the piston, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the pump and refrigerator, of alubricant-chamber communicating with the interior of the pump-cylinder,and adapted to be cooled by the low temperature in the refrigerator,substantially as described.

4. The combination of the pump, the lubricant-chamber communicating withthe pumpcylinder freely at the bottom and by a small pipe at the top,the lubricant receptacle or trap connected with the outlet-pipe from thepump, and the return-pipe for returning the lubricant to the pump,substantially as described.

5. The pin and ball in the lubricant-chamber for indicating excess oflubricant therein, substantially as described.

6. The combination with thelubricant-rcceptacle and pump, of asupply-controlling and relief valve in the connecting-pipe,substantially as described.

7. The supply-controlling and relief valve described, comprising a valvepressed toward its seat by a spring, and a device for regulating thespace between the said valve and its seat, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the regulator, pump, cooled lubricant-chamber,lubricant receptacle or trap, condenser, and connecting-pipes,substantially as described.

9. The lubricant receptacle or trap inclosed in the condenser,substantially as described.

10. In an ice-machine, the hollow column, serving both as themachine-frame and the 5 jacket or vessel for containing thecondensercoils, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with the hollow column, of the pump andrefrigerator supported thereby, and the condenser and refrigerant-resl0ervoir inclosed therein, substantially as described.

12. The lubricant receptacle or trap, condenser-coils, andrefrigerant-reservoifi attached together to form a single structure, and

15 inclosed in a common jacket or vessel, substantially as described.

13. An ice-machine comprising in combination the hollow column, thecondenser, lubricant receptacle or trap, and refrigerant-reservoirunited in a single structure and inclosed 20 therein, the pump, thecommunicating lubricant-chamber, and the refrigerator supported by saidcolumn, and the con necting-pi pes, substantially as described.

In testimony whereofI have signed my name 25 to this specificationbefore two subscribing witnesses.

E. FIXARY.

Witnesses EMILE BARRAULT, AUG. VINcK.

